11 are killed and 11 more injured during an attack by Fulani herdsmen on a farming community in Central Nigeria, ignited by the continuing conflict over land and water resources.
Tensions lead to violence between Uganda and Kenya after Kenyan Pokot herdsmen cross the border seeking water and pasture. In October, the Ugandan government sends 5,000 soldiers to control violence among pastoralists from the two countries.
A clash between villagers and thirsty monkeys leaves eight apes dead and ten villagers wounded. The duel starts after water tankers bring water to a drought-stricken area and monkeys desperate for water attack the villagers.
Violence in western Ethiopia displaces one million people. The violence is in part driven by shortages of water and land resources.
At least eight more people die in an ongoing conflict between the Fulani and Dogon communities in Mali near the town of Koro, sparked by access to water and grazing disputes. Since March 2018, the total death toll from this ongoing conflict is reported to be 25.
On a single day in Nigeria’s Plateau state, an attack by armed herdsmen leaves dozens in farming communities dead. This attack is part of ongoing violence that is in part triggered by access to water and land resources. Reports vary in the number dead; one cites 200 and another, 86.
Herders and farmers who used to coexist peacefully are now inflicting deadly wounds on each other over fights driven by water shortages in the Sahel region of Chad.
Fighting over boreholes in arid northern Kenya kills at least four people as competition for resources grows in the drought-hit region between the Murulle and Garre clans in El Wak, Mandera District.
In Nigeria, Tiv/Agatu farmers and Fulanis herdsmen clash over access to grazing land and water points. In April 2014, President Goodluck Jonathan orders military operations in Benue, Nasarawa, and Plateau states in an effort to reduce the violence.
Extensive violence over water is reported in Kenya, with approximately 50 deaths in clashes between farmers and cattle herders. The conflict is part of a long-running dispute between Pokomo farmers and Orma, semi-nomadic cattle herders, over land and water. The current conflict is being exacerbated by Kenyan and foreign investment in vast tracts of land for food and biofuel cultivation, putting pressure on local resources. (See also entry in 2001.)